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Diuretic (kidney-stimulating substance or agent)

A substance or agent that increases the rate of diuresis, which is the production of urine by the kidneys. Diuretics can be natural, such as certain foods, herbs, and beverages, or synthetic such as pharmaceutical drugs. They increase the volume and fr ...

DNA

See Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; polyunsaturated fatty acid)

A long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fat that's abundant in deep-sea coldwater fish, microalgae, and krill. DHA is essential for the proper development and function of brain, retinal, and sperm cells. DHA may be converted into several powerful anti-infla ...

Dulse (Palmaria palmata)

A coastal red algae native to the northern Atlantic and Pacific oceans. As with most sea vegetation, dulse is rich in all essential minerals, many vitamins, phytonutrients, and fiber. Dulse is commonly used in Ireland, Iceland, and Atlantic Canada as foo ...

Dysbiosis (microbe imbalance)

A condition of imbalance among the various microbes, such as bacteria and yeasts, which naturally reside on or within the body. Dysbiosis is most common in the digestive tract or on the skin, but can also occur on any exposed tissue or mucous membrane in ...

Eczema (inflammatory skin disease)

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A skin disease characterized by dermatitis, which is an inflammation of the epidermis. Eczema broadly refers to various persistent skin conditions, all of which include dryness and rashes with one or more of the following symptoms: redness, skin edema (s ...

Edamame

See Soy.

EFA

See Essential fatty acid.

EGCG

See Epigallocatechin gallate.

Eicosanoid (hormonelike chemical)

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A class of molecules made from essential fats. Technically speaking, eicosanoids are hormones. They function as messengers in the central nervous system and regulate many endocrine and non-endocrine organ systems, especially those pertaining to inflammat ...

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; polyunsaturated fatty acid)

An omega-3 polyunsaturated fat that's naturally found in abundance in cold-water fish such as mackerel, sardine, salmon, and trout as well as krill and various marine plants. Most saltwater and freshwater algae, as well as some bacteria (for example cyan ...

Electrolyte (essential mineral salts)

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A group of minerals that has an electric charge and are essential to homeostasis (especially metabolism, water balance, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood chemistry). The primary electrolytes in the human body are sodium, potassium, calcium, ...

Enteric hormone (gastrointestinal hormone)

A class of hormones produced and secreted by cells in the gastrointestinal tract. See also Incretin.

Enterodiol (phytoestrogen; mammalian lignan)

A type of phytoestrogen produced from the fermentation of plant lignan by intestinal microbiota. It has anti-tumor effects, especially in estrogen sensitive tissues. See also Enterolactone, Lignan. 

Enterolactone: (phytoestrogen; mammalian lignan)

A type of phytoestrogen produced from the fermentation of plant lignan by intestinal microbiota. It has anti-tumor effects, especially in estrogen sensitive tissues. See also Enterodiol, Lignan. 

Enzyme (protein)

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A class of proteins produced by living organisms that regulate and increase the rate of, or catalyze, chemical reactions. Enzymes catalyze all biochemical pathways in cell metabolism. See also Digestive enzyme.

EPA

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See Eicosapentaenoic acid.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG; antioxidant, phytonutri...

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An antioxidant compound found in green tea and other plants. Scientific research has found a correlation between dietary intake of EGCG and a reduced risk for age-related and chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease. See also Antioxid ...

Epithelial tissue

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See Epithelium.

Epithelium

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A body tissue that lines body surfaces and cavities. Epithelia are generally specialized to perform specific functions including secretion, selective absorption, protection, transport between cells, and sensation detection.

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28 January 2012
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